• Home
    • IB Geography Intro
    • Assessment Outline >
      • Mark Bands
      • Command Terms
    • Concepts in IB Geography
  • IB Geo Units
    • The Core >
      • 1. Changing Population >
        • 1. Population and economic development patterns
        • 2. Changing population & places
        • 3. Challenges & opportunities
      • 2. Global Climate Change >
        • 1. Causes of climate change
        • 2. Consequences of climate change
        • 3. Responding to climate change
      • 3. Global Resource Consumption >
        • 1. Global trends in consumption
        • 2. The Impacts of changing trends in resource consumption
        • 3. Resource stewardship
      • Infographic Analysis
    • Options >
      • B. Oceans & Coastal Margins >
        • 1. Ocean–atmosphere interactions
        • 2. Oceans & Coastal Places
        • 3. Managing coastal margins
        • 4. Ocean management futures
      • D: Geophysical Hazards >
        • 1. Geophysical systems
        • 2. Geophysical Hazard Risks
        • 3. Hazard Risk and Vulnerability
        • 4. Future Resilience and Adaptation
      • E. Leisure, Tourism & Sport >
        • 1. Changing leisure patterns
        • 2. Tourism and sport at the local and national scale
        • 3. Tourism & sport at the international scale
        • 4. Managing tourism and sport for the future
      • F. Food & Health >
        • 1. Measuring Food & Health
        • 2. Food Systems & Spread of Disease
        • 3. Stakeholders in Food & Health
        • 4. Future Health & Food Secuirty
      • G. Urban Environments >
        • 1. The variety of urban environments
        • 2. Changing urban systems
        • 3. Urban stresses
        • 4. Sustainable Cities
    • Global Interactions >
      • 4. Power, Place and Networks >
        • 1. Global interactions and global power
        • 2. Global networks and flows
        • 3. Human and physical influences on global interactions
      • 5. Human development and diversity >
        • 1. Development opportunities
        • 2. Changing identities and cultures
        • 3. Local responses to global interactions
      • 6. Global risks and resilience >
        • 1. Geopolitical and economic risks
        • 2. Environmental risks
        • 3. Local and global resilience
    • Case Studies
    • Internal Assessment >
      • Ko Samet Introduction
      • Butlers Model
      • Fieldwork Prep
      • Report Prep Resources
    • Geographic Skills >
      • GPS - Geographic Proficiency Skills
      • Map Skills
      • Written Skills
      • Analytical Skills
      • Field Work Skills
    • Revision
  • MYP I&S
    • Y9 I&S >
      • Unit 1: Sustainable Futures >
        • 1. Introducing Sustainability
        • 2. Visioning Our Future
        • 3. Creating Sustainable Futures
      • Unit 2: Money Matters
      • Unit 3: Conflict
      • Y9 Current Events
    • Y10 I&S >
      • Castaway - Intro Activity
      • Unit 1: Oceans - The Big Blue
      • Unit 2: It's All Connected
      • Unit 3: Social Enterprises
      • Unit 4: Catalysts for Change
      • Unit 5: IDU - Expressions for Change
      • UN SDGs
      • Current Events
    • Y11 I&S >
      • Unit 1: Development
      • Unit 2: The Psychology of Marginalization
      • Unit 3: The Russian Revolution
  • Geo@NIST
    • Support Resources
    • Extended Essay
    • Geo Inspiration
    • Why Geography?
  • Contact
  • Home
    • IB Geography Intro
    • Assessment Outline >
      • Mark Bands
      • Command Terms
    • Concepts in IB Geography
  • IB Geo Units
    • The Core >
      • 1. Changing Population >
        • 1. Population and economic development patterns
        • 2. Changing population & places
        • 3. Challenges & opportunities
      • 2. Global Climate Change >
        • 1. Causes of climate change
        • 2. Consequences of climate change
        • 3. Responding to climate change
      • 3. Global Resource Consumption >
        • 1. Global trends in consumption
        • 2. The Impacts of changing trends in resource consumption
        • 3. Resource stewardship
      • Infographic Analysis
    • Options >
      • B. Oceans & Coastal Margins >
        • 1. Ocean–atmosphere interactions
        • 2. Oceans & Coastal Places
        • 3. Managing coastal margins
        • 4. Ocean management futures
      • D: Geophysical Hazards >
        • 1. Geophysical systems
        • 2. Geophysical Hazard Risks
        • 3. Hazard Risk and Vulnerability
        • 4. Future Resilience and Adaptation
      • E. Leisure, Tourism & Sport >
        • 1. Changing leisure patterns
        • 2. Tourism and sport at the local and national scale
        • 3. Tourism & sport at the international scale
        • 4. Managing tourism and sport for the future
      • F. Food & Health >
        • 1. Measuring Food & Health
        • 2. Food Systems & Spread of Disease
        • 3. Stakeholders in Food & Health
        • 4. Future Health & Food Secuirty
      • G. Urban Environments >
        • 1. The variety of urban environments
        • 2. Changing urban systems
        • 3. Urban stresses
        • 4. Sustainable Cities
    • Global Interactions >
      • 4. Power, Place and Networks >
        • 1. Global interactions and global power
        • 2. Global networks and flows
        • 3. Human and physical influences on global interactions
      • 5. Human development and diversity >
        • 1. Development opportunities
        • 2. Changing identities and cultures
        • 3. Local responses to global interactions
      • 6. Global risks and resilience >
        • 1. Geopolitical and economic risks
        • 2. Environmental risks
        • 3. Local and global resilience
    • Case Studies
    • Internal Assessment >
      • Ko Samet Introduction
      • Butlers Model
      • Fieldwork Prep
      • Report Prep Resources
    • Geographic Skills >
      • GPS - Geographic Proficiency Skills
      • Map Skills
      • Written Skills
      • Analytical Skills
      • Field Work Skills
    • Revision
  • MYP I&S
    • Y9 I&S >
      • Unit 1: Sustainable Futures >
        • 1. Introducing Sustainability
        • 2. Visioning Our Future
        • 3. Creating Sustainable Futures
      • Unit 2: Money Matters
      • Unit 3: Conflict
      • Y9 Current Events
    • Y10 I&S >
      • Castaway - Intro Activity
      • Unit 1: Oceans - The Big Blue
      • Unit 2: It's All Connected
      • Unit 3: Social Enterprises
      • Unit 4: Catalysts for Change
      • Unit 5: IDU - Expressions for Change
      • UN SDGs
      • Current Events
    • Y11 I&S >
      • Unit 1: Development
      • Unit 2: The Psychology of Marginalization
      • Unit 3: The Russian Revolution
  • Geo@NIST
    • Support Resources
    • Extended Essay
    • Geo Inspiration
    • Why Geography?
  • Contact

 Key Concepts in I.B. Geography

Introduction to Key Concepts

The opportunity to have concepts in the foreground of the curriculum topics and the focus for geographic inquiry allow for more discussion, application of thinking skills, and transparent assessments. Students are required to discuss or evaluate in a way that shows conceptual insight into the context of the expected knowledge and understanding. The application of geographic skills allow for the synthesis of knowledge and ideas, and bring understanding of concepts and contexts together through the study of specified or appropriate content.
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The “Geography concepts” model (above) shows the six main concepts of the course, with the four key concepts of place, process, power, and possibility at the centre and the organizing concepts of scale and spatial interactions connecting them. Scale has both temporal and spatial perspectives.

Places
 can be identified at a variety of scales, from local territories or locations to the national or state level. Places can be compared according to their cultural or physical diversity, or disparities in wealth or resource endowment. The characteristics of a place may be real or perceived, and spatial interactions between places can be considered.

Processes
 are human or physical mechanisms of change, such as migration or weathering. They operate on varying timescales. Linear systems, circular systems, and complex systems are all outcomes of the way in which processes operate and interact.

Power
 is the ability to influence and affect change or equilibrium at different scales. Power is vested in citizens, governments, institutions and other players, and in physical processes in the natural world. Equity and security, both environmental and economic, can be gained or lost as a result of the interaction of powerful forces.

Possibilities
 are the alternative events, futures and outcomes that geographers can model, project or predict with varying degrees of certainty. Key contemporary questions include the degree to which human and environmental systems are sustainable and resilient, and can adapt or change.
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Test Yourselves

Concept Wheel Activity

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